| Bone |
Confirmed or suspected
- osteogenesis imperfecta
- skeletal dysplasia (e.g. achondroplasia, fibrous dysplasia etc.)
- metabolic bone diseases
- rickets
- calcium and phosphate metabolic disorders with potential genetic etiology (e.g. calcium sensor defects, X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets) or requiring surgical intervention (e.g. parathyroid adenoma / hyperplasia)
|
| Diabetes Mellitus |
-
Confirmed or suspected Type 1 diabetes
- Patients on insulin pump
- Neonatal diabetes and other monogenic diabetes (e.g. DIDMOAD)
- Patients with co-existing autoimmune diseases (excluding well-controlled thyroid diseases)
- Patients with diabetic complications (excluding intermittent microalbuminuria)
- Patients with Type 1 diabetes and eating disorders with unstable diabetic control
- Suboptimally controlled diabetes
-
Confirmed or suspected Type 2 diabetes
- Patients with Type 2 DM and ≥ 2 obesity-related problems including hypertension, dyslipidaemia, OSAS, PCOS or fatty liver
- Patients with diabetic complications
- Suboptimally controlled diabetes
- Patients requiring long-term insulin treatment or other injectable diabetes medication
-
Patients with the following conditions could also be referred to HKCH for the Territory-wide Diabetes Enhancement Programme with CGM support (a joint care programme between HKCH and other HA paediatric departments):
- 8 years old or below at the time of referral
- Frequent/significant hypoglycaemia (requiring AED visit/admission/glucagon use in the past 1 year)
- Impaired hypoglycaemic awareness
- Inability to recognize or communicate about symptoms
- T1DM or T2DM with HbA1c >7%
- Newly diagnosed cases (within 1 year at the time of referral)
- Insulin pump users
|
| Disorder of sexual differentiations |
Confirmed or suspected
- ambiguous genitalia
- undervirilized male or virilized female
- congenital adrenal hyperplasia
|
| Endocrine Oncology |
Confirmed or suspected
- adrenal tumor / cancer
- phaeochromocytoma
- thyroid cancer
- brain tumor with panhypopituitarism / central diabetes insipidus
- hormone-secreting tumor e.g. Cushing’s syndrome, acromegaly, prolactinoma
|
| Growth and puberty |
- Growth and pubertal issues suspected to be related to underlying genetic syndrome (e.g. Turner syndrome, Prader-Willi Syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, Noonan syndrome, Russell Silver syndrome)
|
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