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Nephrology

Disease category Eligibility for referral to the Hong Kong Children's Hospital
Acute kidney injury (AKI)
  • Patients with significant renal impairment due to acute illness who requires further assessment
  • Patients who require or potentially require acute kidney replacement therapy
Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
  • Stage III-V (GFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m²) CKD or
  • Any Stage of CKD with other concerns
Kidney failure (KF)
  • Stage V CKD (GFR < 15ml/min/1.73m²) requiring long term kidney replacement therapy, including peritoneal dialysis, haemodialysis or transplant
Childhood nephrotic syndrome
  • Nephrotic syndrome with atypical features requiring further work up, including kidney biopsy or genetic testing
  • Congenital or infantile nephrotic syndrome
  • Steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome on second line immunosuppressants
  • Steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome
  • Any types of nephrotic syndrome with clinical concern, such as renal impairment or systemic manifestations
Childhood acute or chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) (including lupus nephritis, vasculitis, IgAN, IgAVN, post-infectious GN or any GN associated with systemic conditions)
  • Any childhood GN which requires further evaluation and management
Complement mediated kidney disease or Thrombotic Microangiopathies (TMA)
  • Primary or secondary TMA for evaluation and management
Urinary tract infection (UTI) with congenital kidney and urinary tract abnormalities (CAKUT)
  • Patients with significant structural abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract, including VUR or obstructions
  • Patients needing imaging or surgical assessment or evaluation
Congenital abnormality of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT)
  • Patients needing imaging or surgical assessment or evaluation
Childhood hypertension or renal vascular diseases
  • Significant hypertension, secondary hypertension, or suspected reno-vascular conditions for evaluation and diagnosis
Renal stone disease
  • Paediatric renal stone disease for work up
  • Complications secondary to stones disease
Genetic kidney diseases (including cystic kidney diseases, hereditary nephropathy and others)
  • Examples include autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), autosomal-recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), nephronothisis, Alport Syndrome, and other genetic kidney diseases requiring diagnostic evaluation and management
Miscellaneous kidney diseases (including metabolic diseases, Tubular disorders, familial kidney diseases, severe fluid or electrolyte disturbances, voiding dysfunction, enuresis related problems, proteinuria, haematuria etc.)
  • Various conditions with kidney involvement requiring focused diagnostic evaluation and management

Referral Pathway

  • For urgent consultations, please contact the Nephrology consultation doctor through the hospital operator (tel: 3513 3888) for discussion AND fax the referral letter to Ward 6W (fax: 2459 9904). Please confirm with Ward 6W (tel: 3513 3568) on the receipt of the referral letter.
  • For non-urgent consultations, the patient could send the referral letter to the HKCH Specialist Outpatient Clinic via HA Go app, email (hkchsopcbooking@ha.org.hk), or fax (3512 7579).